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Grand Junction’s Diverse Culinary Tapestry: Immigrant-Owned Markets and Ethnic Eateries Transforming Colorado’s Food Scene

When third-generation Japanese-American Carol Leinberger began teaching Japanese and Chinese food cooking classes in 1976, she opened a small grocery store in Grand Junction so her students could access the ingredients she used. Back then you couldn’t find water chestnuts or fresh bean sprouts locally, she recalls. 

Interest in sushi-making has increased since then, and so has local demand for raw frozen fish, seaweed and other Asian foods, Leinberger says. She expanded her Carol’s Oriental Foods store in 1980, moving to North Avenue to offer a greater selection of ingredients.  

Carol’s is no longer the only Asian grocery in town. Two additional shops opened in just the past year — Asian Market in the Cottonwood Mall and GJ Mart on Belford Avenue.  

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One in 10 Colorado residents is an immigrant, while another one in 10 residents is a native-born U.S. citizen with at least one immigrant parent, according to the American Immigration Council (AIC). In 2018, 42,844 immigrant business owners accounted for 12 percent of all self-employed Colorado residents and generated $1 billion in business income. 

Although an AIC analysis of the 2019 American Community Survey Five-Year Data found the number of immigrant entrepreneurs in restaurants, food retail and other food services did not increase in Colorado from 2014 to 2019, that trend appears to be changing in Grand Junction where several immigrant-owned ethnic food-related businesses have opened in recent years. Data concerning immigrant entrepreneurs in food businesses was not available after 2019.  

Meng Truong, a native of Vietnam, and his wife Mey, originally from Cambodia, opened their GJ Mart in February 2023. Both work at the shop, which is open seven days a week, from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m.  

Gjmarket
Meng Truong, a native of Vietnam, and his wife Mey, owners of GJ Market.

Coolers are stocked with fresh produce like bok choy, ong choy, taro root and green papayas. Freezers hold various types of frozen fish, including eel. Fifty-pound bags of jasmine rice are stacked on a pallet near the front of the store.

“It’s a main dish in Asia, typically eaten twice a day, though sometimes substituted with noodles,” Truong says, explaining the stacks of rice. A steady stream of customers, many of Asian descent, were shopping at the store both days a reporter happened to stop in. 

Truong, who is fluent in seven languages — English, Mandarin, Cantonese, Vietnamese, Cambodian, French and another Chinese dialect — says he orders what customers want, like the potato and fish corndogs popular in Korea, seaweed salads from Japan, and packages of pancake mix with bean paste.  

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Employees and patients from the nearby Grand Junction Veterans Administration Medical Center often shop at the Asian market. Veterans come for foods they remember from their time serving overseas, and many are married to Filipino women who continue to cook traditional foods, Truong says. 

Not far from the Asian market is a grocery specializing in European foods. Polish-American couple Agata and Lukasz Dziwisz opened Euromart in November 2022 on North Avenue. They say they were homesick for foods from their native country of Poland. “The closest European foods store was in Salt Lake City or Denver,” Agata says. “We got tired of driving.” 

Euromart carries 10 different varieties of spicy, garlic or smoked sausages. “American sausages are just not the same — they’re made differently,” while his are precooked and “perfect,” Lukasz says. Across from the cooler containing the sausages are shelves of pickled vegetables and sauerkraut — foods Europeans love, he says. 

Euromart2
Polish-American couple Agata and Lukasz Dziwisz, owners of Euromart.

Additionally, Euromart offers various artisan-type breads and pastries from German and Polish bakeries located on Colorado’s Front Range. “European bread is definitely different than in the U.S. — it’s not as spongy,” Lukasz says.  

“Chocolate is another huge difference,” he adds, pointing to shelves of chocolate bars from Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Lithuania and Poland — all of which contain less sugar than most chocolate bars you’ll find in the U.S., says his wife. 

Grand Junction residents who emigrated here from Germany, Russia, Scandinavia, Turkey and Poland help comprise a regular customer base at Euromart. European-Americans also travel from Montrose and Moab, Utah to shop at the store, which is open Tuesday through Friday, from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.  

Lukasz had hoped to draw students from the Colorado Mesa University campus across the street but that hasn’t happened, thus far. He says he purposely stocked the store with cold sodas, juices and snacks to attract students, and that the lack of customers from campus has been disappointing. Students who have shopped at the store are typically foreign exchange students, Agata says

Mexican food restaurants and tortilla shops have long been part of the American culinary landscape. In May 2023, Will Blanco and his mother Carlota Blanco opened La Pupusaria, a food truck serving fare typical of El Salvador. Often parked at local brewpubs, La Pupusaria serves pupusas — a thick corn tortilla made from scratch, filled with various combinations of meat, cheese, veggies, beans and jalapeno peppers, folded and sealed, then cooked on a griddle. Another pupusa variety is made with an edible flower, widespread in El Salvador, called loroco which is ground and mixed with cheese. 

“For us, it was an opportunity to give people the food we eat on a daily basis,” Will Blanco said. “What makes us unique is we’re the only place you can get pupusas.” La Pupusaria also serves tacos, burritos, smothered burritos, L.A. dogs (a hot dog wrapped with bacon with sautéed onions and peppers), plus, orchata — a traditional rice and milk drink made in-house. 

An aunt, two sisters, Will’s wife and two kids, nieces and nephews all help out at times with the food truck. “It’s a true family business; it’s kind of the way we like it,” says Will, a second-generation Salvadoran born in Los Angeles. Their customers include Salvadorans, Guatemalans, Hondurans and Anglo-Americans, he says. 

Other immigrant-owned Grand Junction food offerings include nepalese, indian, and thai restaurants.

 

Sharon Sullivan is a Grand Junction-based freelance writer. She can be reached at [email protected].

Plant-based Protein is Taking Root in Colorado’s Food Economy

When Gov. Jared Polis signed a declaration proclaiming March 20th as “MeatOut Day” in Colorado in 2021, the backlash was furious and often hyperbolic. 

Cattlemen decried the call for a meat-free day as near-blasphemy, as Nebraska Gov. Pete Ricketts retaliated with a competing “Meat on the Menu Day.” Republican State Senator Barbara Kirkmeyer of Weld County went so far as to describe it as “just one more attack against my county.” 

Regardless of the political kerfuffle, the plant-based protein industry has gained momentum in Colorado — and doesn’t look like it will slow down anytime soon.

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Take Meati Foods in Boulder. Founded in 2017, the company closed on a whopping $150 million Series C fundraising round in July 2022 and has raised more than $250 million to date.  

Meati’s mushroom root-based products mimic steak and chicken and sell out like Phish concerts: The first direct-to-consumer push in early 2022 was gone in less than 24 hours. “The last few drops have sold out in single-digit minutes,” says Tyler Huggins, CEO and co-founder. 

With 200—and counting—employees, Meati is building the Mega Ranch, a 115,000-square-foot manufacturing facility in Thornton that will be shipping product in late 2022. Huggins anticipates breaking ground on a Giga Ranch next year in a yet-to-be-announced location. The facility will be capable of producing “hundreds of millions of pounds of Meati annually,” he notes. 

“Consumers today want clean, simple ingredients, terrific flavor and great nutrition,” Huggins says. “Meati uniquely delivers a whole-food protein that checks the box on exceptional flavor and texture, minimal processing and ingredients, an unmatched nutrition profile, all while being sustainably made.” 

Meati’s not alone. Numerous Colorado companies are riding the wave of investor and consumer interest in the sector. 

In Aurora, MycoTechnology has raised more than $200 million to date as it continues to scale its manufacturing of fungi-based foods and ingredients. Its initial portfolio of flavor-enhancing products has expanded to proteins as the company launched the Goodside Foods brand in early 2022. 

Marika Azoff, corporate engagement specialist with The Good Food Institute (GFI), a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit advocating for plant-based proteins and other sustainable foods, says such investments are reflective of a coming revolution in food manufacturing. By 2050, GFI projects alternative meat-based protein retail sales will be between $250 billion and $500 billion. In 2021, that number was $5.6 billion. 

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It’s about health and sustainability—and efficiency. “It takes nine calories to feed a chicken to get one calorie of chicken meat,” notes Azoff. “When we’re growing animals, we have to grow crops to feed animals. Inherently, it’s less efficient than just growing crops to feed humans.” 

Electric transportation garners six times the investment dollars that go into alternative proteins “even though transportation contributes less greenhouse gas emissions than the global livestock population does,” she adds. 

A Boston Consulting Group report concluded that dollar-for-dollar investment in meat and dairy alternatives resulted in three times more greenhouse gas reductions than green cement technology—and 11 times more than zero-emission cars. 

Azoff says Colorado has the makings of a plant-based hub, citing Boulder’s prominence in natural foods and CSU’s expertise in agriculture and fermentation as key ingredients. The cluster has a critical mass that’s attracting entrepreneurs from elsewhere. 

Case in point: Annie Ryu founded The Jackfruit Company after visiting India in 2011 when she was a pre-med student at Harvard University. She discovered jackfruit, the fig relative native to southern India that’s the largest fruit on Earth, topping out at 120 pounds. “At the time, it was going to waste because there was not a commercial supply chain to get it to market,” says Ryu, who says she sees it as “a multi-billion-dollar opportunity.” 

Instead of attending Harvard Medical School, Ryu opted to focus on The Jackfruit Company. The business, which Ryu relocated from Boston to Boulder in 2016, sources jackfruit from thousands of small family farms in India and sells its products to 6,000 stores nationally. 

In 2020, the company unveiled the jack & annie’s brand with a catalog of jackfruit-based nuggets, meatballs, buffalo wings and breakfast sausage. Both brands are based out of the Boulder headquarters and work with a network of manufacturing partners in the U.S. and India. “The Jackfruit Company targets vegans and vegetarians, and jack & annie’s really speaks more to meat eaters, meat reducers and flexitarians,” Ryu says. 

Jackfruit
Growing jackfruit

There’s a good reason for the dual-brand strategy. “There is no other plant more similar to meat just in the way it grows,” she notes. “So we’re able to prepare foods that are more similar to meat in taste and texture than the other offerings that are available, but are also much less processed. That really goes to the heart of a lot of the concern with plant-based meat: ‘Is it really good for me? Is it too processed?’” 

Now 25 employees, The Jackfruit Company closed on a $23 million Series B funding round in late 2021 “for new product development and to continue scaling up the team to support what we’re doing,” Ryu says. “The jack & annie’s brand is the focus for us in expansion, because that’s the main consumer audience.” 

Ryu moved her company to Colorado after meeting kindred spirits during a visit. “It was so amazing to me. This place is full of people who are so passionate about natural foods and have experience with building natural foods companies. It was just a really logical place to lay down some roots and start expanding from, because as a new, rapidly growing company, it’s more characterized by the people than anything else.” 

On the demand side, she notes that the plant-based sector is gaining traction largely due to reasons relating to health and climate change. “Deforestation is one of the top 10 contributors to global warming, and we are reforesting with one of the most sustainable plants,” Ryu says. Jackfruit “is thriving all over southern India, and not because of herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers. There’s no reason to use any of that on a crop you can’t sell.” 

“It’s hard to overstate the impacts of a shift to a more just food system in terms of climate, the environment, public health and animal welfare,” echoes Manny Rutinel CEO and co-founder of Climate Refarm, a Denver-based public benefit startup that leverages carbon credits to help schools and hospitals adopt plant-based proteins. “Meat is just unbelievably inefficient in terms of the amount of emissions it produces, the amount of land that it requires, the amount of water it requires, the amount of grain it requires to produce all this meat.” 

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Rutinel added: “Instead of imposing a cost on the externalities, we’re trying to impose a benefit on the correct choice.” 

While MeatOut Day might have gone over like a rubbery boiled steak, even JBS—the world’s largest meatpacker with a substantial presence in Greeley—has a plant-based subsidiary in the form of Planterra Foods, the Lafayette-based maker of Ozo-branded, meat-free bacon, chicken and beef alternatives.  

Look at it as something of a hedge: Annual per-capita beef consumption in the U.S. dipped from 85 pounds in 1972 to 59 pounds in 2022, even as per-capita meat consumption rose by about 15 percent. 

“Seeing meat and seafood companies getting into this space is encouraging, and I think, really smart,” GFI’s Azoff says. “It makes good business sense for them to do so.”